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The Satguru Kabir Panth ((ヒンディー語:कबीर-पंथ), Path of Kabir) is a philosophy and religious community of India encompassing a wide spectrum of beliefs, traditions and practices based on the teachings of Kabir. Its adherents are of Hindu, Buddhist and Jain ancestry (with majority being Hindu〔"We''(Dissent, protest, and reform in Indian civilization )''. Indian Institute of Advanced Study, 1977〕). Kabir Panthis or "followers of the path of Kabir" are numerous throughout all parts of India and are also found in Indian communities in large numbers in Africa, particularly Eastern Africa in Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia, Uganda and the island of Mauritius as well as in Nepal, Tibet, Sri Lanka, Guyana, Fiji, Suriname, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, New Zealand, Australia, United Kingdom, Canada and the United States. ==Kabir== Kabir is said to have appeared on a lotus in the Hindu holy city of Varanasi, also known as Kashi, he was born in the year 1440 AD and died in 1518 AD. According to some people he was initiated by Ramananda, a famous Hindu guru and community leader at that time. Using poignant language, Kabir criticized caste ideology and declared the equality of all human beings. He employed a Socratic method of teaching, pleading with all human beings regardless of their gender, status, caste, color, race, religion or occupation to think critically about their lives and pursuits and the salvation of their soul. Kabir Saheb was a poet whose works were written down by others. His lyrics have flourished for more than 600 years, producing music, and classical, in countless local dialects and regional styles. Thousands of poems are attributed to him. Kabir strove to create a spirit of harmony between the Hindus and Muslims. His early life is shrouded in mystery. He lived either towards the close of the 14th century or in the beginning of the 15th. It is said that he was born of a Hindu widow, who left him on the embankment of a tank in Benaras, and that he was then found and adopted by a Muslim weaver named Niru. When he grew up, he became disciple of Ramananda Swami (Religious Teacher). He did not leave his home, but was a pious householder and used to earn his livelihood by weaving clothes. His teachings: The central teachings of Kabir were: (1) He laid stress upon 'Bhakti'. (2) He said that through Bhakti, or devotion, one would come nearer to God; one could be released from the cycle of birth and death only by sincere love and devotion to God, whom he called Bhakti. (3) He sincerely tried to emphasise the unity of Islam and Hinduism by preaching those virtues which were common to both religions. (4) He made no distinction between Hindus and Muslims. (5) To Kabir, Allah and Rama were but different names for the same supreme being. To him, Hindus and Muslims were "pots of the same clay". (6) According to Kabir, salvation could be attained by doing good deeds, or by means of Bhakti, or sincere devotion to God. Against idol worship: He did not believe in idol worship. He was also against the performance of rituals and superstitions or pilgrimage to the so-called holy places. Against the caste system: Kabir denounced the caste system. He said that there should be no discrimination on the basis of caste, and rejected the authority of both the Veda and the Koran. He laid great emphasis on the equality of men. He preached a religion of love which aimed at promoting unity amongst all castes and creeds. He was full of humility and was the first saint to reconcile Hinduism and Islam. Kabir's teachings are contained in his Dohas, the devotional songs or 'bhajans' of Kabir called Kabir Doha. These Dohas are in the form of short poems in the Bijaka, sacred book of the Kabir Panthis, the followers of Kabir. Kabir was a firm believer in the unity of God. He preached his teachings among the people in Hindi. His devotional bhajans or Dohas appealed most to the common men, Hindus as well Muslims. The message and the teachings of Kabir can be easily gathered from his 'Dohas', which criticise rituals, superstitions and idol worship. Kabir said: "If by worshipping stones one can find God, I shall worship a mountain. If by immersion in the water salvation be attained, the frogs who bathe continually would attain it. As the frogs, so are these men, again and again fall into the womb". He was a bold preacher. He said this to the Hindus and Muslims : "If God be within the mosque, then to whom does this world belong ?" To Kabir, Hari does not exist in the east and nor Allah in the west. They are one and reside inside the human heart. He advised everyone to seek truth within their own hearts. Kabir condemned pride and selfishness. He wanted man to give up pride, anger, enmity and ego. He appreciated brotherhood, which ultimately directed towards reaching the main objectives : "Love of God" and "Love of humanity". Kabir died at Maghar in the district of Gorakhpur of the present day U.P. in A.D. 1518. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kabir panth」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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